dmm Z. Zhang Internet-Draft Juniper Networks Intended status: Informational K. Patel Expires: 9 August 2024 Arrcus 6 February 2024 ANUP Implementation in 5G with BGP Signaling draft-zzhang-dmm-anup5g-signaling-01 Abstract Draft-zzhang-dmm-mup-evolution describes an architecture in which co- located Access Node and User Plane Function node of a 5G mobile network are integrated into a single Network Function ANUP in 6G for simplified signaling and optimized forwarding. The integration can happen in 5G as well but only with optimized forwarding. This document describes how BGP signaling specified in Draft-mpmz-bess- mup-safi can be used for ANUP implementation in 5G. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on 9 August 2024. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. Zhang & Patel Expires 9 August 2024 [Page 1] Internet-Draft 5G-ANUP-BGP February 2024 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. ANUP with MUP Controller and BGP Signaling . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1. With Route Lookup in the DN Routing Instance . . . . . . 3 2.2. Avoiding DL Route Lookup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.3. Avoiding UL Route Lookup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. Introduction The Access Node User Plane (ANUP) Network Function in 6G as proposed in [I-D.zzhang-dmm-mup-evolution] integrates co-located Access Node and UPF function into a single NF, so that signaling can significantly simplified and data plane significantly optimized because no N3 tunneling is needed anymore. The signaling simplification is only expected in 6G. In 5G, the data plane optimization can still be realized with integrated AN and UPF function even though separate N2 and N4 signaling are still used. The ANUP can run N2 to AMF and N4 to SMF simultaneously, and the correlation of N2 and N4 signaling allows the ANUP to install UL/DL forwarding state w/o GTP tunneling: * UL traffic is directed into to the routing instance for the DN after Access Network encapsulation header (e.g. radio protocol headers) is removed, as if the GTP-U header was removed on a traditional UPF. * For DL traffic in the routing instance for the DN, a route lookup produces Access Network encapsulation information (e.g. radio protocol headers) for a PDU session, as if the traffic just arrived via GTP-U and the TEID was used to produce the same information. Zhang & Patel Expires 9 August 2024 [Page 2] Internet-Draft 5G-ANUP-BGP February 2024 While the above work with separate N2/N4 signaling on the same ANUP, it does require the SMF to interfaces with many ANUPs - a changed deployment model. An alternative is to use the MUP Gateway architecture described in [I-D.mhkk-dmm-srv6mup-architecture], in which the SMF only interfaces a few apparent central UPFs, though a "central UPF" is actually a collection of a MUP controller and a set of distributed MUP GWs and MUP PEs. 2. ANUP with MUP Controller and BGP Signaling In this model, the ANUP is the integration of an Access Node (e.g., gNB) and a MUP GW. GTP/N3 tunneling is no longer needed - DL traffic in the routing instance for the DN routes directly to radio protocol encapsulation for the session, and UL traffic is directed to the VRF for the DN after the radio protocol encapsulation is removed. 2.1. With Route Lookup in the DN Routing Instance For UL traffic, the tuple received in N2 signaling for a PDU session is matched against a Session Transformed Route Type 2 (ST2) route [I-D.mpmz-bess-mup-safi] to determine the routing instance for the PDU session's DN, and UL traffic is then directed to the routing instance for further route lookup. For DL traffic, the tuple sent in N2 signaling for the PDU session is matched against a Session Transformed Route Type 1 (ST1) route to install a UE prefix route in the routing instance with the forwarding nexthop being radio protocol encapsulation for the PDU session. 2.2. Avoiding DL Route Lookup With the MUP GW architecture, DL traffic arriving on a MUP GW may be with an SRv6 destination address with the End.GTP4/6.E behavior. The MUP GW would construct a GTP-U header accordingly and send encapsulated traffic to the AN. With an ANUP integrating a MUP GW and AN, there is no need for GTP-U - the SRv6 end point behavior would be a new one that directly maps the decapsulated traffic to the radio protocol encapsulation information for the PDU session identified by the TEID in the SRv6 address. Notice that the TEID is allocated by the ANUP and sent in the N2 signaling (and then signaled back via ST1 route). In case of MPLS, the DL traffic starts with a GTP-U header (after the MPLS label stack). The TEID in the header, like in the SRv6 case, identifies the PDU session so the packet can be forwarded directly w/ o inner header lookup or GTP-U encapsulation. Zhang & Patel Expires 9 August 2024 [Page 3] Internet-Draft 5G-ANUP-BGP February 2024 This is as if the GTP-U tunnel was replaced with an SRv6/MPLS tunnel. Note this can happen with or without a routing instance for the DN. 2.3. Avoiding UL Route Lookup Similarly, UL route lookup may also be skipped. For a PDU session, the tuple received in the N2 signaling is matched against an ST2 route, which carries information for the DN. If there is no local routing instance for the DN, a Direct Segment Discovery route from a remote MUP PE is matched and PDU session traffic is forwarded to that remote MUP PE according to the Direct Segment Discovery route. 3. Security Considerations There are no additional security implications compared to the MUP architecture in [I-D.mhkk-dmm-srv6mup-architecture] and [I-D.mpmz-bess-mup-safi]. 4. Acknowledgements The authors thank Arda Akman and Constantine Polychronopoulos for their review/comments/suggestions to make this document and solution more complete. 5. References 5.1. Normative References [I-D.mhkk-dmm-srv6mup-architecture] Matsushima, S., Horiba, K., Khan, A., Kawakami, Y., Murakami, T., Patel, K., Kohno, M., Kamata, T., Camarillo, P., Horn, J., Voyer, D., Zadok, S., Meilik, I., Agrawal, A., and K. Perumal, "Mobile User Plane Architecture using Segment Routing for Distributed Mobility Management", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-mhkk-dmm-srv6mup- architecture-06, 23 October 2023, . [I-D.mpmz-bess-mup-safi] Murakami, T., Patel, K., Matsushima, S., Zhang, Z. J., Agrawal, S., and D. Voyer, "BGP Extensions for the Mobile User Plane (MUP) SAFI", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-mpmz-bess-mup-safi-03, 5 November 2023, . Zhang & Patel Expires 9 August 2024 [Page 4] Internet-Draft 5G-ANUP-BGP February 2024 [I-D.zzhang-dmm-mup-evolution] Zhang, Z. J., Patel, K., Contreras, L. M., Islam, K., Mutikainen, J., Jiang, T., Jalil, L., Sejati, O. P., and S. Zadok, "Mobile User Plane Evolution", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-zzhang-dmm-mup-evolution-06, 10 July 2023, . 5.2. Informative References [_3GPP-23.501] "System architecture for the 5G System (5GS), V17.3.0", December 2021. Authors' Addresses Zhaohui Zhang Juniper Networks Email: zzhang@juniper.net Keyur Patel Arrcus Email: keyur@arrcus.com Zhang & Patel Expires 9 August 2024 [Page 5]